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  • Voltage clamp method. Holding potential were set at -60, step Voltage jump were applied twice, -60~-30mV and -60~0mV, respectively.
  • Rat cortical pyramidal neuron were microinjected 9mM lucifer yellow, photograph at microscope (400*)
  • Whole cell Patch Clamp--Voltage hold mode. 14 days Cultured neuron cells were holding at -60mv. The electrode glass to a tip diameter of about 5 £gm. (Resistances of around 3 to 5 MOhms after fire-polishing)
  • Immunocytochemistry. Rat brian tumor were fixed and permeabilized. Primary antibody is anti-tubulin mouse IgG, secondary antibody is rhodamine conjugated anti mouse IgG.(1000*)


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