MLH1 was identified as a locus frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). When cloned, it was discovered to be a human homolog of the E. coli mismatch repair gene mutS.
- How many hits will you get if you search genes associated with colon cancer in human genome?
- 17hits
- Click to see (NCBI--> Human Map Viwer--> Search for colon cancer)
2. How many loci will you find if you search locus link for human in Genebank?
- 21 loci
- Click to see (NCBI--> Human Genome Resources-->Search Locus Link for colon cancer)
3. Give the locus ID and position of MLH1.
- Locus ID: 4292
- Position: 3p21.3
- Click to see
4. Find the %ID of nucleotide sequence for its possible orthologs in mouse.
- 90.5%
- Click to see (NCBI--> Human Genome Resources--> Search Locus Link for colon cancer--> Click on the Homologene data of 4292 MLH1--> Click more of Hs.57301--> Calculated Orthologs Human vs Mouse)
5. Find the total number of mutations of MLH1 reported in human gene mutation database.
- 147
- Click to see (NCBI--> Human Genome Resources--> Search Locus Link for colon cancer-->Click on 4292--> Click on HGMD (Human Gene Mutaion Database)
6. Give the DNA sequence of MLH1.
- Click to see (NCBI--> Human Genome Resources--> Search Locus Link for colon cancer-->Click on 4292--> GenBank Sequences--> Click on Nucleotide BC006850)
1 ggcacttccg ttgagcatct agacgtttcc ttggctcttc tggcgccaaa atgtcgttcg
61 tggcaggggt tattcggcgg ctggacgaga cagtggtgaa ccgcatcgcg gcgggggaag
121 ttatccagcg gccagctaat gctatcaaag agatgattga gaactgttta gatgcaaaat
181 ccacaagtat tcaagtgatt gttaaagagg gaggcctgaa gttgattcag atccaagaca
241 atggcaccgg gatcaggaaa gaagatctgg atattgtatg tgaaaggttc actactagta
301 aactgcagtc ctttgaggat ttagccagta tttctaccta tggctttcga ggtgaggctt
361 tggccagcat aagccatgtg gctcatgtta ctattacaac gaaaacagct gatggaaagt
421 gtgcatacag agcaagttac tcagatggaa aactgaaagc ccctcctaaa ccatgtgctg
481 gcaatcaagg gacccagatc acggtggagg acctttttta caacatagcc acgaggagaa
541 aagctttaaa aaatccaagt gaagaatatg ggaaaatttt ggaagttgtt ggcaggtatt
601 cagtacacaa tgcaggcatt agtttctcag ttaaaaaaca aggagagaca gtagctgatg
661 ttaggacact acccaatgcc tcaaccgtgg acaatattcg ctccatcttt ggaaatgctg
721 ttagtcgaga actgatagaa attggatgtg aggataaaac cctagccttc aaaatgaatg
781 gttacatatc caatgcaaac tactcagtga agaagtgcat cttcttactc ttcatcaacc
841 atcgtctggt agaatcaact tccttgagaa aagccataga aacagtgtat gcagcctatt
901 tgcccaaaaa cacacaccca ttcctgtacc tcagtttaga aatcagtccc cagaatgtgg
961 atgttaatgt gcaccccaca aagcatgaag ttcacttcct gcacgaggag agcatcctgg
1021 agcgggtgca gcagcacatc gagagcaagc tcctgggctc caattcctcc aggatgtact
1081 tcacccagac tttgctacca ggacttgctg gcccctctgg ggagatggtt aaatccacaa
1141 caagtctgac ctcgtcttct acttctggaa gtagtgataa ggtctatgcc caccagatgg
1201 ttcgtacaga ttcccgggaa cagaagcttg atgcatttct gcagcctctg agcaaacccc
1261 tgtccagtca gccccaggcc attgtcacag aggataagac agatatttct agtggcaggg
1321 ctaggcagca agatgaggag atgcttgaac tcccagcccc tgctgaagtg gctgccaaaa
1381 atcagagctt ggagggggat acaacaaagg ggacttcaga aatgtcagag aagagaggac
1441 ctacttccag caaccccaga aagagacatc gggaagattc tgatgtggaa atggtggaag
1501 atgattcccg aaaggaaatg actgcagctt gtaccccccg gagaaggatc attaacctca
1561 ctagtgtttt gagtctccag gaagaaatta atgagcaggg acatgaggtt ctccgggaga
1621 tgttgcataa ccactccttc gtgggctgtg tgaatcctca gtgggccttg gcacagcatc
1681 aaaccaagtt ataccttctc aacaccacca agcttagtga agaactgttc taccagatac
1741 tcatttatga ttttgccaat tttggtgttc tcaggttatc ggagccagca ccgctctttg
1801 accttgccat gcttgcctta gatagtccag agagtggctg gacagaggaa gatggtccca
1861 aagaaggact tgctgaatac attgttgagt ttctgaagaa gaaggctgag atgcttgcag
1921 actatttctc tttggaaatt gatgaggaag ggaacctgat tggattaccc cttctgattg
1981 acaactatgt gccccctttg gagggactgc ctatcttcat tcttcgacta gccactgagg
2041 tgaattggga cgaagaaaag gaatgttttg aaagcctcag taaagaatgc gctatgttct
2101 attccatccg gaagcagtac atatctgagg agtcgaccct ctcaggccag cagagtgaag
2161 tgcctggctc cattccaaac tcctggaagt ggactgtgga acacattgtc tataaagcct
2221 tgcgctcaca cattctgcct cctaaacatt tcacagaaga tggaaatatc ctgcagcttg
2281 ctaacctgcc tgatctatac aaagtctttg agaggtgtta aatatggtta tttatgcact
2341 gtgggatgtg ttcttctttc tctgtattcc gatacaaagt gttgtatcaa agtgtgatat
2401 acaaagtgta ccaacataag tgttggtagc acttaagact tatacttgcc ttctgatagt
2461 attcctttat acacagtgga ttgattataa ataaatagat gtgtcttaac ataaaaaaaa
2521 aaaaaaaaaa
7. Give the DNA sequence of E. coli mismatch repair gene mutS.
- Click to see (NCBI--> Search Genomes for E.coli mutS--> page 6, 111: AJ006210--> click on gene of mutS)
- 1 atgagtgcaa tagaaaattt cgacgcccat acgcccatga tgcagcagta tctcaagctg
61 aaagcccagc atcccgagat cctgctgttt taccggatgg gtgattttta tgaactgttt
121 tatgacgacg caaaacgcgc gtcgcaactg ctggatattt cactgaccaa acgcggtgct
181 tcggcgggag agccgatccc gatggcgggg attccctacc atgcggtgga aaactacctc
241 gccaaactgg tgaatcaggg cgagtccgtt gccatctgcg aacaaattgg cgatccggcg
301 accagcaaag gtccggttga gcgcaaagtt gtgcgtatcg ttacgccagg caccatcagc
361 gatgaagccc tgttgcagga gcgtcaggac aacctgctgg cggctatctg gcaggacagc
421 aaaggtttcg gctacgcgac gctggatatc agttccggtc gttttcgcct gagcgaaccg
481 gctgaccggg aaacgatggc ggcagaactg caacgcacta atcctgcgga actgctgtat
541 gcagaagatt ttgctgaaat gtcgttaatt gaaggccgtc gcggcctgcg ccgtcgcccg
601 ctgtgggagt ttgaaatcga caccgcgcgc cagcagttga atctgcaatt tgggacccgc
661 gatctggtcg gttttggcgt cgagaacgcg ccgcgcggac tttgtgctgc cggttgtctg
721 ttgcagtatg cgaaagatac ccaacgtacg actctgccgc atattcgttc catcaccatg
781 gaacgtgagc aggacagcat cattatggat gccgcgacgc gtcgtaatct ggaaatcacc
841 cagaacctgg cgggtggtgc ggaaaatacg ctggcttctg tgctcgactg caccgtcacg
901 ccgatgggca gccgtatgct gaaacgctgg ctgcatatgc cagtgcgcga tacccgcgtg
961 ttgcttgagc gccagcaaac tattggcgca ttgcaggatt tcaccgccga gttgcagccg
1021 gtactacgtc aggtcggcga cctggaacgt attctggcgc gtctggcgtt gcgtaccgct
1081 cgcccacgcg atctggcccg tatgcgtcac gctttccagc aactgccgga gctgcgtgcg
1141 cagttagaaa ctgttgatag tgcaccagta caggcgctac gtgagaagat gggcgagttt
1201 gccgagctgc gcgatctgct ggagcgagca atcatcgaca caccgccggt gctggtacgc
1261 gacggtggtg ttatcgcatc aggctataac gaagagctgg atgagtggcg cgcgctggct
1321 gacggcgcga ccgattatct ggagcgtctg gaagtccgcg agcgtgaacg taccggcctg
1381 gacacgctaa aagttggctt taatgcggtg cacggctact acattcaaat cagccgtggg
1441 caaagccatc tggcacctat caactatatg cgtcgccaga cgctgaaaaa cgccgagcgc
1501 tacatcattc cagagctaaa agagtacgaa gataaagtcc tcacttcaaa aggcaaagca
1561 ctggctctgg aaaaacagct ttatgaagag ctgttcgacc tgctgttgcc gcatctggaa
1621 gcgttgcaac agagcgcgag cgcgctggcg gaactcgacg tgctggtgaa cctggcggaa
1681 cgggcctata ccctgaacta cacctgcccg accttcattg ataaaccggg cattcgcatt
1741 accgaaggcc gccatccggt ggttgaacag gtgctgaacg agccatttat cgccaacccg
1801 ctgaatctgt caccgcagcg ccggatgttg attattaccg gtccgaacat gggcggtaaa
1861 agtacctata tgcgccagac cgcactgatt gcgctgatgg cctatatcgg cagctacgta
1921 ccggcgcaaa aagtcgagat tggcccgatt gaccgtatct ttacccgcgt aggggcagcg
1981 gatgatctgg cttccgggcg ttcaaccttt atggtggaga tgaccgaaac cgctaatatt
2041 ctgcataacg ccaccgagta cagtctggtg ctgatggatg agattgggcg cggaacgtcc
2101 acttacgatg gtctgtcgct ggcgtgggcg tgcgcggaaa atctggcgaa taagattaag
2161 gcgttgacgc tgtttgccac ccactatttc gagctgaccc agttaccgga gaaaatggaa
2221 ggcgtcgcca acgtgcatct cgatgcactg gagcacggcg acaccattgc ctttatgcat
2281 agcgtgcagg atggcgcggc gagcaaaagc tacggcctgg cggttgcagc tctggccggc
2341 gtgccaaaag aggttattaa gcgcgcacgg caaaaactgc gtgagctgga aagcatttcg
2401 ccgaacgccg ccgctacgca agtggatggt acgcaaatgt ctttgctgtc cgtaccggaa
2461 gaaacctcgc ctgcagtcga ggcactggaa aacctcgatc cggattcact caccccgcgt
2521 caggcgctgg aatggattta tcgcctgaag agtctggtgt aa
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