Catenanes----the topological links

Topological links, or catenanes, are an uncommon feature of molecular architecture.Until recently, only tow types were identified:

(1)DNA catenanes----in which a circular single strand of DNA forms each link

(2)Organic catenanes----in which each link is formed by a macrocycle

 

protein catenanes----in which a link would be formed by one covalently bonded protein subunit

The first example of protein catenane we discovered is HK97 capsid